Profitable tree planting methods in rural areas
Introduction :
In all these places, many tea shops are set up and run on the irrigation canals. In this, the flow of the irrigation canals is obstructed or blocked or stopped. Because the shops throw various wastes into the irrigation canals. This waste is mixed with water and goes to the agricultural land, as a result, it enters our body through the food chain or food circle. The production of more agricultural land is decreasing. For this, we have to plant trees by freeing these places from encroachment.
Purpose:
By planting trees here, we have to protect the balance of the environment, increase the beauty and act as a source of income for the farmers. Trees have to be planted here to increase the government's revenue and meet the food needs of poor farmers. These places have to be free from encroachment and to protect us from various types of natural disasters.
Profitable tree planting methods in rural areas in Bangla language
Type of tree:
The area where the trees will be planted can be inside the field of the area, so if we plant trees with large branches there, it will damage the farmer's land. Such as mango, jam, jackfruit, mahogany, cassava, etc. Because the shadow on the farmer's land will hinder production. Again, there are a few date palm trees planted in some places, it looks beautiful, but no farmer can benefit.
Benefit:
1. Date palm (kejur tree) fruit is not marketable.
2. There are hardly any farmers who are skilled in cutting date palm trees in different areas. And those who are there are very old.
So coconut and palm (tal-tree) trees should be planted there.
The reasons for planting are given below -
Advantages:
1. These trees can survive in any environment and can face any disaster.
2. A mature coconut tree absorbs 20 to 25 kg of carbon dioxide and provides 36 to 182 kg of oxygen per year.
3. A mature palm tree absorbs 30 to 70 kg of carbon dioxide and provides 55 to 220 kg of oxygen per year.
4. It will play an important role in implementing the SDGs of climate change and protecting it from greenhouse gas emissions.
5. The fruits of this tree will fulfill our daily fruit needs and will benefit us financially.
6. Palm trees will protect against lightning during natural disasters.
7. The leaves of this tree will meet the daily cooking fuel needs and reduce dependence on gas. These leaves will be used for handicrafts. Such as making fans and cleaning brooms, etc.
8. If even one or two birds live in these trees, these birds will catch and eat insects from the farmer's land, which will reduce the amount of pesticides used by the farmer.
9. It will absorb the smoke generated by vehicles moving on the road, control the temperature, and prevent the spread of floating dust on the road.
10. It will increase the fertility of the farmer's land, retain moisture and water in the agricultural land, and protect it from wind erosion during dry periods because a study in Germany has shown that any large tree should be planted next to the agricultural land every kilometer. In this way, all kinds of beneficial insects live in that place in the shade of the trees during the dry season. The crops are spread during cultivation. Such as earthworms, bees and birds etc.
And since there is no wind erosion during the dry season, the fertility of the land remains correct.
11. The road is sustainable in the long term. Because the roads in rural areas of Bangladesh are damaged due to two major reasons.
A, The roads are damaged due to the movement of vehicles with a load exceeding the load carrying capacity of the road. Our country is a developing country. As a result, more and more sand and brick trucks enter every day, resulting in the roads being damaged or not being sustainable.
B, Out of 100 percent of the damaged rural roads in Bangladesh, 40 percent of the roads are damaged due to soil shifting on both sides.
The soil on both sides moves and becomes high, due to which the road starts to deteriorate. If we plant trees, then the soil or solder on both sides of the road will not be damaged and it will be durable for a long time.
12. It will be protected from natural disasters such as lightning, landslides, storms, etc.
13. It will enhance beauty. For example, Ghughudanga in Naogaon district has become known to the whole of Bangladesh due to the planting of one kilometer of palm trees. Everyone goes there to visit, if we can implement this, then that place will become a tourist center like Ghughudanga.
Disadvantages:
1. The project will be very difficult to implement.
2. Locals will damage the trees in different ways at different times. For example, someone will build shops in the house and cut them down for road maintenance and electric lines under various pretexts for farmer's work in the field, etc.
3. The project may not be implemented due to socio-economic and political reasons.
4. Lack of maintenance and care of the trees.
For example,
In Kushtia district of Bangladesh, between Vadalia and Baria villages, different types of spice trees were planted on both sides of the road, and this village is known as Masala Gram. This initiative is a very good initiative. I want every union in our country to take such an initiative. But once the trees have been planted, due to lack of care, 50% of the spice trees have been destroyed or are on the verge of being destroyed. If the organization in charge takes care of the maintenance and care of the plant, the amount of spice tree destruction can be reduced by 20%. And if no initiative is taken, the 50% of the trees that are good will not remain, but it will be reduced by 10 to 30% within 1 to 2 years. If the organization in charge is in manpower and financial crisis to fulfill its duties, then it can lease those trees to the farmers there for 10 to 15 years. In this way, the trees will remain healthy and the farmers will also benefit. After the lease period ends, the government will benefit financially by leasing them again. In addition, spice trees will get a lot of protection from theft and cutting. Details about this are given below -
Implementation method:
1. After planting the tree, they should be monitored and maintained by union level officials or by upazila field workers. The institution that will be responsible for this will need money and time.
2. In my opinion, this will be one of the ways to implement it.
After planting the tree, a farmer will have to lease this tree for 5 to 15 years. For example, it takes 5 to 6 years for a coconut tree to bear fruit, so the lease should be tripled. This will benefit the farmer and the tree will be properly maintained and grow.
Farmers will have to be given some special conditions to take the lease, such as
a, if the tree is destroyed due to personal reasons, two trees will have to be planted in its place and a fine will be imposed.
b, if someone cuts this tree, they will be jailed and surveyed after showing proper evidence.
c, if it is damaged by natural disasters, one new tree will have to be planted in place of one.
D, If a tree is cut down by an organization, new trees should be planted and an equal amount of compensation should be paid to the farmer and the government.
E, Every six months, the number of trees, height and other information, income and expenditure account should be submitted to the agricultural office or the control agency.
F, The control agency will go to the land every year and audit it once.
G, If a new lease is taken after the lease period expires, the amount of money should be determined by analyzing the information of the previous years so that the farmer benefits and lease it or it should be given to a new person.
J, The lease should be given to the local poor, landless, helpless orphan farmers so that it can be the main means of earning money. 50 to 100 trees should be leased among multiple farmers. In this, tree maintenance can be compared with others and will be competitive. The fruits of these trees will meet the needs of all families and there will be a competitive market. And among those farmers, the one who produces more every year will be given a prize or honored. This will increase the care for trees among all farmers.
Through this method, it will be possible to grow trees completely free of cost. This will benefit the farmer. When the lease period expires, the government will be able to benefit by giving a new lease. The cost of planting trees will also be covered.
The leaseholder farmer can benefit in many other ways. In the empty spaces on both sides of the road, the sloping areas on the road can be improved by planting grass. This will reduce the tendency of grass cultivation in crop cultivation land. Grass cultivation can grow other crops on the land. The amount of animal feed imported from abroad will be reduced.
Location selection:
This project is possible anywhere in Bangladesh, such as on both sides of the field road, on both sides of the irrigation canal, on the banks of the river, especially on both sides of the rural road, etc. This will not waste agricultural land. It will be possible to produce fruits and look beautiful. It can be implemented experimentally anywhere and spread throughout the country.
Conclusion:
If this project is implemented, our society, agricultural families and the government will benefit financially. The amount of coconut and palm products imported from abroad will decrease, the nutritional needs of the people of the country will be met, etc. Finally, we will all try to implement it together. If this is implemented, both the country and the people will benefit.